Fiscal stimulus and labor market dynamics in Japan

The paper studies the effects of fiscal expansion on the Japanese labor market. First, using a structural VAR model, we find that the unemployment rate falls and employment rises following an increase in government spending. We also find that fiscal expansion affects flows in and out of unemployment. While an increase in government spending increases the job-finding rate, it reduces the separation rate. We then incorporate search and matching frictions into a standard dynamic general equilibrium model, and study whether the model can explain what we observed in data. While the model fails to predict the exact size of the impact of government spending shocks on the Japanese labor market variables, it can consistently capture the empirical pattern of responses of labor market variables to shocks.     

高职院校产学合作教育发展的现状、问题及对策

我国高职院校的产学合作教育已取得了可喜的成就，在新的发展时期也遇到了新情况、新问题。本文分析高职院校产学合作教育的模式特征，剖析当前高职院校产学合作教育发展过程中存在的问题，并提出进一步发展的对策。     

英语诗歌欣赏的意义

英语诗歌是一个包含丰富社会生活内容和艺术内涵的世界,欣赏它,读者可以了解英语国家的历史与现实,可以培养自己的文学趣味和接受审美教育等。     

Fiscal stimuli in the form of job creation subsidies

This paper examines the effects of fiscal stimuli in the form of job creation subsidies in a DSGE model with search friction and endogenous job separation. We consider two types of job creation subsidies: a subsidy for the cost of posting vacancies and a hiring subsidy. This paper finds that the effects of job creation subsides on unemployment differ between models with and without endogenous job separation. While a positive job creation subsidy shock lowers unemployment in a model without endogenous job separation, it increases unemployment in a model with endogenous job separation. We also find that while qualitatively the effects of a vacancy cost subsidy on the economy are similar to those of a hiring subsidy, quantitatively they are different.     

Comparison of Effects from Different Institutions: Public Credit Guarantee in Korea*

We aim to compare the activities of the two main credit guarantee institutions in Korea. There has been mounting criticism that although these institutions were mandated to play different roles in financing small and medium‐sized enterprises (SME), their operations are, in fact, similar, and many SME receive overlapping support from both institutions. Using the propensity score matching method (allowing for multiple, mutually exclusive support scenarios) to compare the effects of PCG on different institutions, the present study provides suggestions to help the government make decisions regarding the consolidation of PCG funds. The results suggest that the institutions function differently and target different SME. However, overlapping support enables firms to expand their sales only, indicating the existence of inefficiency in the case of overlapping support to firms.     

国内外预算项目库制度建设的特点及对我军的启示

认真考察和研究世界发达国家军队和地方政府预算项目库管理经验，并积极吸收和借鉴其有益做法，对于提高我军预算项目库管理水平，具有重要的现实意义。从中国政府和外军预算项目库制度建设的特点入手，提出了对健全我军预算项目库制度的启示。     

汉语会话中评价的语用特性分析

当前语言学界对评价意义的研究主要是在语义语法层面对评价性语言资源作静态描述,未曾探讨评价意义的语用特征。从语用学的视角来考察汉语会话中评价意义的语言表达,其会话中评价意义中存在多种隐性表达形式,有其固有的语用特性。评价表达是语言使用者在特定语境下为了实现交际意图而选用的语言形式和语用策略,不仅具有语义表达式,还有发挥人际修辞作用的语用表达式。     

浅谈高校自学式教材的本质和特点

为适应高校创新人才培养的需要,教材建设与创新显得十分重要,运用自学式教材就是高校教材改革与创新的一个重要举措。自学式教材的本质在于如何更有效地帮助学生自学,它与普通教材有明显的区别,其特点包括以学习者为中心、融合学科知识与学习指导、加强学习者与教材的互动、提倡立体化设计等。     

篮球运动员的心理特征及其赛前心理训练方法探讨

赛前的心理问题往往导致运动员在比赛中动作失调、变形、丧失信心。要使运动员在比赛中战术水平得到淋漓尽致的发挥,就需要教练员较好地了解和掌握篮球运动员的心理特征并能有针对性地进行赛前心理训练和指导。     

Impact of metal silos on households’ maize storage,storage losses and food security: An application of a propensity score matching

Maize is the most important food staple in Eastern and Southern Africa, with a highly seasonal production but relatively constant consumption over the year. Farmers have to store maize to bridge seasons, for food security and to protect against price fluctuations. However, the traditional storage methods do not protect grain well, resulting in large postharvest losses. Hermetically sealed metal silos kill storage pests by oxygen deprivation without pesticides. Popular in Central America, they are now being promoted in Africa, but their impact here has not yet been studied. This study used propensity score matching to evaluate the impact of metal silos on duration of maize storage, loss abatement, cost of storage, and household food security. Metal silo adopters (N = 116) were matched with non-adopting farmers from a representative sample of 1340 households covering the major maize-growing zones in Kenya. The major effect of the metal silos was an almost complete elimination of losses due to insect pests, saving farmers an average of 150–200 kg of grain, worth KSh9750 (US$130). Metal silo adopters also spent about KSh340 less on storage insecticides. Adopters were able to store their maize for 1.8–2.4 months longer, and to sell their surplus after five months at good prices, instead of having to sell right after the harvest. The period of inadequate food provision among adopters was reduced by more than one month. We conclude that metal silos are effective in reducing grain losses due to maize-storage insects, and that they have a large impact on the welfare and food security of farm households. The initial cost of metal silos is high (KSh20,000/1.8 ton) and therefore policies to increase access to credit, to reduce the cost of sheet metal, and to promote collective action can improve their uptake by smallholder farmers.